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Objective@#To explore the prevalence of chronic diseases and related risk factors in Shaanxi province.@*Methods@#Multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling was used to collect the sample from permanent residents in 10 national surveillance points in Shaanxi province in 2015. Behavioral risk factors (smoking, drinking, diet and physical activity) were investigated by face-to-face interviews and biological risk factors (BMI, blood pressure, blood glucose and blood lipid) were collected by physical measurements and laboratory tests. Designed weight, no response weight and post hierarchical weight were taken into account in the data analysis. Binary logistic regression models were used to examine the pair-wise associations among 8 risk factors.@*Results@#A total of 6 174 persons were included in the analysis. The following weighted prevalence were noticed in Shaanxi province in 2015, that including current smoking as 28.19%, harmful use of alcohol as 6.20%, inadequate intake of vegetables and fruits as 55.62%, physical inactivity as 19.56%, overweight and obesity as 46.82%, hypertension as 31.12%, raised fasting blood glucose as 4.27%, and raised total cholesterol as 20.96%. Eight risk factors were found to be associated with each other. The mean numbers of risk factors were 2.41 per male and 1.85 per female, 1.94 per urban resident and 2.28 per rural resident.@*Conclusions@#Risk factors for chronic diseases among adults aged 18 or older were more than the national levels in Shaanxi province in 2015. Male and rural residents presented more risk factors than their counterparts. Correlations between risk factors implied that a combined package of interventions was needed to reduce these risk factors.
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Objective To observe the influence of ultra-shortwave (USW) irradiation on infarct volume and Ca2+-ATPase (SPCA) secretion after brain ischemia and reperfusion.Methods Eighty Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into a sham operation group (n=8),a model group (n=36) and a USW group (n=36).The animal model of middle cerebral artery ischemia and reperfusion (MCAO/R) was established using the suture method in the rats of the model and USW groups,while the sham operation group was given the same operation but without inserting the thread plug.One day,3 days and 7 days after the intervention,12 rats were sacrificed and the infarct volumes and SPCA1 protein expression were measured using 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining and western blotting.Results No white infarcted tissue was found in the sham operation group.In the model and USW groups the volume of infarcted tissue decreased with time.Significantly less infarcted volume was observed in the USW group compared to the model group at each time point.The SPCA1 levels in the brain tissue were lower than in the sham operation group after one and 3 days of USW treatment,but they were significantly lower in the model group as well.As time went by,the average SPCA1 level increased significantly in the model and USW groups.A slightly higher SPCA1 level was observed in the USW group compared to the model group after one day of treatment,but with no significance.However,significant differences were found between them after 3 and 7 days of intervention.Conclusion Ultra-shortwave irradiation can protect against MCAO/R injury by decreasing the infarcted volume,which may be related to down-regulation of SPCA1,minimizing nerve cell apoptosis and promoting neural functional recovery,at least in rats.
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Objective To explore the effects of infusion per unit of weight on pulmonary edema and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).Methods The clinical data of 70 patients with cirrhosis who had accepted liver transplantation were retrospectively collected,including the age,height,weight,BMI,preoperative liver function,indexes during liver transplantation and the postoperative intake and output records in the first 5 days,and the emerging postoperative pulmonary complications (EPPCs) in the first 2 weeks were screened.The relationship between clinical data and new pulmonary edema and ARDS was analyzed.Results The incidence rate of NPPCs was 82.9 ％,in which the incidence rate of pleural effusion,atelectasis,pulmonary edema,ARDS and pulmonary infection was 60.0％,14.7％,8.6％,31.4％ and 10％ respectively.In the pulmonary edema group (n =6),the preoperative Child-Pugh score (9.3 ± 1.6),the total volume (2 667 ± 1 164) ml and the volume of unit weight (39.4 ± 19.0) ml/kg of plasma transfusion,the total volume (1 417 ± 376) ml of artificial colloid during operation,and the input of unit weight (53.2 ± 9.3 ml/kg) on the 3rd day after operation were significantly different from those (7.6 ± 1.9,1 753 ± 1 040 ml,24.2 ± 15.7 ml/ kg,2 347 ± 1 088 ml,and 44.6 ± 10.1 ml/kg) in the group (n =64) without pulmonary edema.Their P values in the order were 0.028,0.046,0.029,0.046,and 0.046.In the ARDS group (n =22),the plasma transfusion volume per unit of weight during operation (31.3 ± 20.4 ml/kg),the total balance volume equaled with the difference of input and output (1 504 ± 894 ml) and the balance volume per unit of weight (22.1 ± 13.1 ml/kg) on the first postoperative day and the total input volume per unit of weight on the third postoperative day (49.0 ± 10.1 ml/kg) were significantly distinguished with those (22.7 ± 13.4 ml/kg,910 ± 684 ml,12.7 ± 9.9 ml/kg,and 43.6 ± 9.9 ml/kg) in the group (n =48) without ARDS.The P values in the order were 0.045,0.003,0.001 and 0.042 respectively.Conclusion The incidence rate of NPPCs in the patients with cirrhosis receiving the liver transplantation is relatively higher.In order to reduce the risk of NPPCs,based on the hemodynamic stability during operation,the artificial colloids should be appropriately increased and excessive plasma transfusion reduced.In addition,the redundant input should be limited according to the weigh,in the first and third postoperative days.
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Objective:To investigate whether chemokine like factor (CKLF)-like myelin and lympho-cyte and related proteins for vesicle trafficking and membrane link (MARVEL)transmembrane domain-containing protein 2 (CMTM2)is involved in spermatogenesis in varicocele induced sub-fertility rats and to discuss the possible mechanisms.Methods:Forty male SD rats (body weight:220 -330 g,age:6 -7 weeks)were randomly divided into 4 groups:varicocele for 4 weeks,varicocele for 12 weeks,sham operation for 4 weeks and sham operation for 12 weeks,with 10 rats in each group.These rats were intro-duced by partially ligating left kidney veins for the experimental groups,and the sham surgery groups as controls were executed with exactly the same surgery as in the experimental groups except for the ligation. The rats in control and experimental groups for 4 and 12 weeks were killed after laparotomy at the end of 4 and 12 weeks,respectively,the left testes and epididymis were taken out for counting the sperm,ob-serving the seminiferous tubule change and immunochemistry for CMTM2.The changes included sperm density and motility,the outer diameter and inner diameter change and the changes of epithelium and the CMTM2 expression in immunochemistry.Results:Compared with the control groups,the sperm density [(63.9 ±7.1)×106 /mL vs.(74.3 ±5.0)×106 /mL]and motility[(58.7% ±7.9%)vs.(66.1% ± 4.3%)]were reduced slightly in group of varicoele for 4 weeks,respectively (t =1.432,1.563;P =0.076,0.059,respectively ).Varicocele significantly caused a decrease in sperm concentration [(40.5 ±7.2)×106 /mL vs.(71.1 ±4.5)×106 /mL]and motility [(35.2% ±8.5%)vs.(63.4% ± 4.1%)]at 12 weeks,compared with the related sham groups (t =3.754,3.933;P =0.004,0.002, respectively).Additionally,testis CMTM2 exhibited the same disparity,that is,the CMTM2 protein ex-pression in varicocele group was significantly reduced,with the ratio of sham group to varicocele group at the end of 12 weeks 2.3 ±0.4 (t =1.978;P =0.039).In the evaluation of seminiferous tubules diame-ter,the external [(198.2 ±10.2)μm vs.(255.8 ±12.7)μm,t =2.125,P =0.003]and epithelium diameter [(54.1 ±1.5)μm vs.(75.5 ±4.1)μm,t =2.246,P =0.021]were decreased compared with the sham-related groups and previous varicocele groups.In all the varicocele groups,all types of sperm motility decreased compared with the related sham-operated group (P <0.05).Conclusion:This study suggests varicocele has a detrimental effect on CMTM2 levels and decreases spermatogonia cell number,seminiferous tubules diameter,and sperm indices.CMTM2 is associated with sperm changes in rats with varicocele,and further studies are needed to study the mechanism.
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@#Objective To investigate the effect of Ser473-Akt phosphorylation in the protection of atorvastatin to cerebral ischemia-re-perfusion (I/R) injury in rats. Methods Forty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into normal group (n=10), sham group (n=10), I/R group (n=10) and intervention group (n=10). A model of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion in rats was establishied, with ischemia for 2 hours and reperfusion for 72 hours. The normal group and the sham group received no injury. I/R group was administered with normal saline only, and the intervention group received atorvastatin 10 mg/kg prepared with normal saline at palinesthesia, 24 and 48 hours after reperfu-sion. All rats were sacrificed 72 hours after reperfusion. HE staining and TUNEL staining were performed in the brain specimens. The ex-pression of Akt and Ser473-Akt in the prefrontal cortex of the brain were detected with Western blotting. Results Compared with I/R group, 72 hours after reperfusion, the damage of nerve cells significantly lessened in the intervention group;the apoptosis positive cells significant-ly reduced in the intervention group (t=-6.014, P<0.001). The expression of Ser473-Akt in prefrontal cortex was higher in I/R group than in the normal group and the sham group (t>20.327, P<0.001), and was higher in the intervention group than in I/R group (t=3.649, P=0.007). Conclusion The Ser473-Akt phosphorylation plays an important role in the protection of atorvastatin in nerve cell through anti-apoptosis of nerve cells, and reducing cerebral I/R injury.
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One hundred and seventy six consecutive patients with acute ischemic stroke who received intravenous recombinant tissue plasminogen activator ( rt-PA ) in 4.5 hours from symptom onset during February 2009 to July 2013 were included in the study.Modified Rankin Scale was used to evaluate the recovery of neurological functions.Patients were divided into good ( 0 -1 ) or poor ( 2 -6 ) outcome groups according modified Rankin Scale score.Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to determine the differences of clinical data between the two groups.The age of patients with good outcome was significantly lower than that of poor outcome group [ ( 61.4 ±11.5 ) vs.( 69.0 ± 13.2) years,P =0.000].Compared to patients with poor outcomes, patients with good outcome group showed lower rate of diabetes [ 13%( 12/93 ) vs.29%( 24/83 ) , P =0.009 ] , lower blood glucose level [(5.05 ±0.97) vs.(5.83 ±1.72) mmol/L,P=0.020], higher uric acid level[(404.4 ±151.7) vs.(345.6 ±107.5) μmol/L,P=0.028],shorter onset to treatment time [(1.92 ±0.94) vs.(2.30 ±1.01) h, P=0.019],lower baseline National Institute of Health Stroke Scale score [(14.0 ±5.2) vs.(16.0 ± 6.2),P=0.025],lower systolic blood pressure level at 2 h[(140.8 ±18.3) vs.(149.0 ±18.9) mmHg (1 mmHg=0.133 kPa),P=0.005]and 24 h [(137.6 ±21.9) vs.(147.1 ±17.4) mmHg,P=0.009] after thrombolysis.Logistic regression analysis showed that uric acid levels were not related to hemorrhagic transformation independently (P =0.172,OR =0.965,95%CI:0.917 -1.016), but were related to outcome independently (P=0.047,OR=0.957,95%CI:0.916-0.999).
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Objective To investigate the clinical effectiveness of oral ganciclovir on prevention and treatment of cytomegalovirus (CMV) infections after liver transplantation.Method We tested archival peripheral blood of 69 kidney recipients for CYP3A5 genotyping by polymerase chain reaction sequence-specific primer.The dose,blood concentrations and dose-normalized blood concentrations of tacrolimus were measured at 1 st and 2nd month after the renal transplantation.Result pp65 antigen of CMV was negative in all the patients before liver transplantation.In 72 patients subject to acyclovir,9 cases (12.5％) were infected by CMV.By using oral ganciclovir to prevent CMV infection after 1iver transplantation in 376 patients,pp65 antigen of CMV was detected in 17 patients (4.5％).Fifteen patients received intravenous ganciclovir for treatment of CMV infection or CMV pneumonia,and 6 patients (40％) suffered from granulocytopenia because of the use of intravenous ganciclovir.Forty-six patients (12.2％) suffered from granulocytopenia because of the use of oral ganciclovir.Conclusion Oral ganciclovir is a safe and effective drug for prevention and treatment of CMV infection.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the subcellular localization of ataxin-3 and the effect of polyglutamine (polyQ) expansion mutation on the morphology of mitochondrion, golgi apparatus and endoplasmic reticulum.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Transient transfection was employed to build cell models expressing wild-type or mutant ataxin-3 proteins. Indirect immunofluorescence was applied to identify markers of organelle membrane. The results were observed under a laser scanning confocal microscope.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>No co-localization was observed for ataxin-3 protein and mitochondrial marker TOM20, but the percentage of cells with mitochondrial fragmentation has increased in cells expressing mutant ataxin-3 (P<0.05). No co-localization was observed for ataxin-3 protein and golgi marker GM130, and mutant ataxin-3 did not cause golgi fragmentation. Wide type and polyQ-expanded ataxin-3 both showed partial co-localization with ER marker calnexin. The latter showed more overlap with calnexin, and the overlapping signals were mostly located in the places where aggregates were situated.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>PolyQ-expanded ataxin-3 protein may indirectly affect the integrity of mitochondria, but may cause no effect on the structure and functions of golgi apparatus. Endoplasmic reticulum may be another place where extended ataxin-3 protein can induce cytotoxicity in addition to the nucleus.</p>
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Humans , Ataxin-3 , Cytoplasm , Genetics , Metabolism , Endoplasmic Reticulum , Genetics , Metabolism , HeLa Cells , Machado-Joseph Disease , Genetics , Metabolism , Mitochondria , Genetics , Metabolism , Nerve Tissue Proteins , Genetics , Metabolism , Nuclear Proteins , Genetics , Metabolism , Protein Transport , Repressor Proteins , Genetics , MetabolismABSTRACT
Objective On the basis of previous experiments ,we try further to seek the new evidences of α7nAChR participating in 100 Hz electroacupuncture (EA ) regulating natural killer (NK ) cells activity .Methods α7nAChR antibody and the specificα7nAChR antagonist α-bungarotoxin (α-Bgt) were used to study the effect of α7nAChR on NK cell activity in 100 Hz EA mice .Re-sults Compared with 100 Hz EA group ,100 Hz EA plus α7nAChR-Ab group showed a significant enhanced in NK cell activity (P<0 .05) .100 Hz EA treated with 1 .5 or 3 .0 μg α-Bgt groups had higher NK cell activity than 100 Hz EA group(P<0 .01) . Conclusion α7nAChR is involved in 100 Hz EA modulation for immune function ,which provide the theoretical and practical basis for further clarifying and expanding the clinical application of EA .
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Hematologic disorders are very common in Systmic lupus erythematosus [SLE].First presentation of SLE with severe aplastic anemia [SAA] is extremely rare. We report a patient with the diagnosis of secondary SAA associated with SLE. Conventional therapy was not effective. She received Rituximab [RTX] and Antithymocyte globulin [ATG] therapy, her response was satisfactory finally. Her hematologic parameters were within normal ranges until last follow-up, eight months and six months after therapy was initiated with RTX and ATG, respectively. This is the first time RTX and ATG were successfully used in the treatment of SAA secondary to SLE
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To briefly review the literature regarding the impact of statins on the prevention and treatment of stroke, especially on intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). We described statins' effects, mechanism of ICH, serum total cholesterol and ICH, and the relationship between statins and ICH.</p><p><b>DATA SOURCES</b>All articles used in this review were mainly searched from the PubMed database with no limitations of language and year of publication.</p><p><b>STUDY SELECTION</b>Randomized controlled studies, prospective cohort studies, animal experiments, and meta-analysis articles related to this topic in the past decade were selected.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Statins play an important role in the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular diseases and also have an impact on the treatment of vascular diseases. There still exist controversies about the relationship between statins and ICH. More clinical and experimental trials indicate that statins do not increase the risk of ICH.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>A low or a regular dose of statins would not increase the risk of ICH.</p>
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Humans , Cerebral Hemorrhage , Blood , Drug Therapy , Cholesterol , Blood , Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors , Therapeutic Uses , Stroke , Blood , Drug TherapyABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the role of autophagy on the pathogenesis of spinocerebellar ataxia 3/Machado-Joseph disease (SCA3/MJD).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>HEK293 cells expressing polyglutamine-expanded ataxin-3 were used as cell model for SCA3/MJD. The level of polyglutamine-expanded ataxin-3 was detected after cells were treated with different inhibitors or inducer of autophagy.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Inhibition of autophagy increased aggregate formation and cell death in HEK293 cells expressing mutated ataxin-3, and vice versa.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The data suggested that autophagy is involved in the degradation of mutant ataxin-3, resulting in a decrease in the proportions of aggregate-containing cells and cell death in HEK293 cells expressing polyglutamine-expanded ataxin-3. It is possible that autophagy may be applied as a potential therapeutic approach for SCA3/MJD.</p>
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Humans , Ataxin-3 , Autophagy , Cell Line , Machado-Joseph Disease , Genetics , Metabolism , Mutation , Nerve Tissue Proteins , Genetics , Metabolism , Nuclear Proteins , Genetics , Metabolism , Peptides , Metabolism , Repressor Proteins , Genetics , MetabolismABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the relationship between C1773T polymorphism of LDL receptor gene (LDLR) and cerebral hemorrhage and the impact of C1773T polymorphism of LDLR on the levels of serum lipids in Chinese Han in Changsha, Hunan province. Methods Two hundred seventy-three cerebral hemorrhage patients and 140 normal controls were recruited in the present study. The C1773T polymorphism of LDLR was analyzed by SNaPshot and direct DNA sequencing. The triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) and low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) levels were examined using oxidase method. Results The CC, CT and TT genotype frequencies of LDLR polymorphism were 0.703/0.278/0.019、0.707/0.250/0.043 and the allele C and T frequencies of LDLR polymorphism in the cerebral hemorrhage group and the control group were 0.842/0.158,0.832/0.168 respectively. The differences in genotype and allele frequencies of LDLR polymorphism were no significant between cerebral hemorrhage group and the control group (P>0.05). There were no significant differences in the levels of lipids among the CC, CT and TT genotype in either cerebral hemorrhage group or the control group (P＞0.05). Conclusions The LDLR-C1773T polymorphism may not be associated with cerebral hemorrhage nor be related to hyperlipemia in Chinese Han in Changsha.
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Objective To evaluate the clinical application of Helix water-jet dissector in complex hepatectomy. Methods Clinical data were retrospectively analyzed in 47 patients who received complex hepatectomy using Helix water-jet dissector for the parenchymal division. It was evaluated for the intraoperative blood loss, operation time, postoperative hepatic function and complications in these patients.Results Forty seven patients including 10 cases of hepatic giant cavernous hemangioma, 34 cases of hepatocellular carcinoma, and 3 cases of miscellaneous liver tumors. Among these patients, caudate lobe resection was performed in 6 cases, hepatic segment Ⅵ + Ⅷ resection in 19 cases, segment Ⅳ + Ⅴ + Ⅷresection in 9 cases, segment Ⅷ resection in 5 cases and right hepatic trisegmentectomy in 8 cases. The operation time was (240 ±85) min, intraoperative blood loss was (950 +650) ml, 13 out of 47patients (27.7%) received heterologous packed red blood cell (PRBC) transfusion for more than 2 units per case.Length of stay in hospital was ( 12. 5 ±4. 7) days. Post-operative complications included ascites in 6 cases,hydrothorax in 4 cases, atelectasis in 2 cases and pulmonary infection in 4 cases. No severe complications and death occurred in this group. Conclusion Water-jet dissector may increase operation accuracy,decrease massive blood loss and postoperative complications, therefore, it should be widely used in complex hepatectomy.
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Objective To study the expression of smad2/3 protein and the effects of flunarizine on the its expression in braln tissue following transient cerebral ischemie reperfusion in gerbils. Methods A cerebral ischemia-reperfusion model in gerbils was established by clamping both common carotids. Thirty-five gerbils were randomly divided into three groups, sham operation group, cerebral ischemia-reperfusion group and flunarizine treatment group. The expression of smad2/3 protein in brain tissue was detected by immunohistochemistry technique. Results Experimental results revealed that smad2/3 protein was expressed in neuroeyte in 35 gerbil brain. Compared with sham operation group, the expression of smad2/3 protein in neurecytes of cerebral isehemia-reperfusion group was evidently increased at the lst day, 3rd day and 7th day (P <0. 01). Compared with cerebral ischemia-reperfusion group, the expression of smad2/3 protein in neurecytes of gerbils in flunarizine treatment group was evidently decreased at these time point (P < 0.05). Condusions Smad2/3 protein was expressed in nettrcvytes of gerbils. Expression of smad2/3 protein in neuroeytes of gerbils was evidently increased following cerebral ischemic reperfusion, and its expression in flunarizine treatment group was evidently decreased.
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BACKGROUND: Quality of life, which is induced as a completely evaluating system to reflect new healthy viewpoints and medical patterns, plays a key role in supplying traditional therapy and evaluating rehabilitation efficacy in occupational injury.OBJECTIVE : To analyze the effects of occupational injury on quality of life in mining area of Tongling, Anhui.DESIGN: Case contrast questionnaire, Logistic single factor analysis and multiple factors analysis.SETTING: Workers General Hospital of Tongling Nonferrous Metal Group; Mining Safety Office of Tongling Nonferrous Metal Company.PARTICIPANTS: A total of 234 subjects with occupational injury were selected from four subgroups of Tongling Nonferrous Metal Company from January 2000 to December 2005 and regarded as the occupational injury group.Injured grade was evaluated by the department of safety in production. In addition, 206 employees of the same sex were regarded as the control group. All subjects provided the confirmed consent.METHODS: Questionnaires were finished in December 2006. Besides those whose educational level was lower than primary school or illness state was severe, their questionnaires were filled by somebody else through asking the feelings,and other subjects filled in the questionnaires by themselves. ① Social demography characteristics were surveyed in the two populations. ② The World Health Organization Quality of Life Assessment-100 (WHOQOL-100), which was characterized by excellent reliability, validity and sensitivity, was used to survey influencing factors (sex, age, occupation,educational level, marriage, smoking, drinking, pay, type of work in production, grade of occupational injury, injured site and type, other diseases, average income of per family member, housing area of per family member, accidental types,character styles, sleeping status, etc.) and various dimensions reflecting quality of life [physiological function (body ache,vigor, sleeping), mental state (well-being feels, confidence, and other three aspects), independence (daily living ability,work ability, and other two aspects), social relationship (interpersonal relation, social communication, and other one spect), material life (reliability, housing environment, and other eight aspects) and faith (individual faith)]. There were 24 aspects and every aspect included four items; in addition, there were 4 items in general healthy status. Therefore, there were 100 items in total. LinearitY method was used to score each item (from 1 tc 5 points). Self-scored quality of life had only one item, which was scored based on hundred-mark system. ③ Quality of life of subjects in the occupational injury group was analyzed with one-way analysis of variance. Variously dimensional indexes of quality of life in 6 fields were regarded as dependent variance, and effect factors were regarded as independent variance. The data were analyzed with multiple stepwise regression analysis.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Characteristics of social demography; ② scores of variously dimensional indexes of quality of life; ③ correlation between quality of life and effect factors in occupational injury group.RESULTS: All 234 patients in the occupational injury group and 206 subjects in the control group were involved in the final analysis. ① There were no significant differences in sex, age, occupation, educational degree, working duty,marriage, drinking, smoking, pay, having other diseases and occupational types between the two groups (P ＞ 0.05). ②Scores of physiological field, independence field and total quality of life were lower in the occupational injury group than those in the control group (P ＜ 0.05). ③ Effect factors on quality of life in the occupational injury group contained intoxication and asphyxia; ankle, foot and cranial injuries; avulsed wound and task degrees. Multiple factor analysis demonstrated that quality of life of patients in the occupational injury group was affected by waist injury, pay level and relationship with colleagues and family member.CONCLUSION: Quality of life is inferior in the occupational injury group to that in the control group. The effect factors are mainly focus on injured sites, accident and injured types, economic status and relationship with society and family member.
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Objective To explore the protective effect mechanism of minocyline on the model of the cerebral ischemia-reperfusion of gerbils by decreasing expression of phosphorylation P38MAPK.Methods A cerebral ischemia-reperfusion model in gerbils was established by clamping both common carotids.The ultrastructural alteration in pyramidal neuron in the hippocampal CA1 and the cortex of frontal lobe at different time was observed by electron microscope.And observe the expression level of phosphorylation P38MAPK by using immunohistochemistry technique.Results ①The damage to the neunos became more and more severe as gerbils survived longer postocclusion.Minocyline treated groups were lessened obviously.② Treatment with minocycline reduced expression of phosphorylation P38MAPK with a significant difference(P
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BACKGROUND: Ischemic stroke has a younger tendency; hence to explore the risk factors of stroke in the middle-aged and youth for primary rehabilitation has extremely important clinical significance.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the risk factor-of stroke in the middle-aged and youth.DESIGN: A case-control analysis based on diagnose.SETTING: Department of neurology in a university hospital.PARTICIPANTS: Totally 100 hospitalized patients including the middle-aged and youth ( ＜ 44 years old, n = 63 ) and the pre-elderly (45 - 49years old, n = 37) with mean age of(42. 91 ±6.8) were selected into stroke group from the Department of Neurology, Xiangya Second Hospital, Central South University between July 1997 and December 2000. Another 100 surgical patients without history of cerebrovascular diseases aged(42.70 ± 2.98) including the middle-aged and youth( n = 61 ) and the pre-elderly( n = 39) were collected randomly from the same corresponding period as control gruop.METHODS: A comparative study of 12 risk factors between two groups was studied and compared the middle-aged group and youth, the pre-elderly group with control group.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Morbidity comparison of each risk factor in each group.RESULTS: Hypertension, hyperlipemia, abnormal electrocardiogram (ECG),family history of stroke, arteriosclerosis of the eyeground, diabetes, and rheumatic heart disease are risk factors of ischemic stroke in the middle-aged.CONCLUSION: It is extremely important significance to reduce blood pressure and blood-fat level in the prevention of ischemic stroke.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVES</b>To study the PDE5 activity in corpora cavernosa of the Ganyu Qizhi model penis and the effect of the Chinese herbal medicine Shugan Liqi Huoxue (SLH) ointment on it.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Non-injury stress stimulus method similar to human spirit stress was used to extablish the Ganyu Qizhi animal(rat) model, and the PDE5 activity in corpora cavernosa of the rat penis was measured by the method of immunohistochemistry and computer image analysis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The PDE5 activity in corpora cavernosa of the high-dosage SLH group was significantly different from that of the model group (P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Ganyu Qizhi may increase the PDE5 activity in corpora cavernosa of the penis while SLH can reduce such activity.</p>
Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rats , 3',5'-Cyclic-GMP Phosphodiesterases , Metabolism , Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases, Type 5 , Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Pharmacology , Erectile Dysfunction , Medicine, Chinese Traditional , Models, Animal , Penis , Rats, Sprague-DawleyABSTRACT
Objective To study the effects of transient cerebral ischemic reperfusion(IR) and flunarizine on the expression of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1(PAI-1) protein in brain tissue of gerbils.Methods A cerebral transient ischemic-reperfusion model in gerbils was established by clamping both common carotid.The gerbils were fed with flunarizine before experiment in flunarizine treatment group.The expression of PAI-1 protein in brain tissue was detected by immunohistochemistry technique at the 1,3 and 7 days after IR.Results There was slight expression of PAI-1 protein in the brain tissue of gerbils in the normal control group and sham operation group.Compared with normal control group,the expression of PAI-1 protein in neurons and gliacytes of ischemic gerbils was evidently increased at the 1,3 and 7 days in the cerebral ischemia group(all P